Due to their increasing use in agriculture, the presence of pesticide residues in food and water currently represents one of the major issues for the food safety. Among the pesticides, organophosphate and carbamate species are the most used, and their toxicity is mainly due to their inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase (AChE). For this reason, a monoenzymatic acetylcholinesterase impedimetric biosensor was developed in order to sensitively detect carbamate and organophosphate compounds with a very fast response. The working principle of the AChE biosensor exploits the capability of carbamate and organophosphate pesticides to form a stable complex with the enzyme, which causes an impedimetric change. The impedimetric biosensor showed a linearity between 5 and 170 ppb for carbamates and 2.5–170 ppb for organophosphate compounds, with a reproducibility (RSD%) interelectrode equal …