A Sputtered Gig-Lox TiO<sub>2</sub> Sponge Integrated with CsPbI<sub>3</sub>:EuI<sub>2</sub> for Semitransparent Perovskite Solar Cells
Publication date: 31 Ago 2025
High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide In this study, we propose a novel approach where in an innovative porous grazing incidence atomic flux coupled with local oxidation (gig-lox) TiO 2 electron transport layer (ETL), deposited by sputtering, is integrated with a fully inorganic CsPbI 3:EuI 2 perovskite. This combination is used as a photoactive layer in semitransparent perovskite solar cells (ST-PSC). The solvent-free, scalable porous oxide sponge-like in structure, is produced via a grazing-incidence Ti flux that undergoes localized progressive oxidation. The sponge offers ≈50% volume porosity that is available for perovskite infiltration. The result of the oxide-perovskite integration is a double-layer struc made of a perovskite-filled sponge covered by a cap of pure perovskite. The material has unique optical properties and structure as attested by spectroscopic ellipsometry and X-ray diffraction analyses. The double-layer structure exhibits semitransparency, and its reduced photoluminescence (PL) intensity relative to that of a single perovskite layer indicates efficient charge carrier injection into the porous TiO 2 . In perspective, the layer can be used in PSC as demonstrated by simulations.